Review of 300 Cases of Epistaxis

Abstract

Objective: Aim of the study was to determine the etiology and management options of epistaxis admitted through emergency in our ENT Ward of Allied Hospital, Faisalabad. Place & Duration of Study: This study includes 300 cases of epistaxis admitted through emergency in our ENT Ward of Allied Hospital, Faisalabad from January, 2013 to September, 2014. Materials & Methods: All the patients in this series were admitted through Emergency of ENT Department, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad. Detailed history & thorough examination was done in all the patients. Investigations to measure Hemoglobin, total & differential Leucocyte Count, Platelet Count, Random Blood Sugar, Electrolytes & Serum Creatinine. Bleeding parameters like, Bleeding Time / Clotting Time (BT/CT), Prothrombin Time & Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) should also be requested.

Results: In our study of 300 cases, 56 cases (18.67%) were of the maximum age group (51 to 60 years) and the minimum 30 cases (10%) were of age group between 1 to 10 years. 180 cases (60%) were males and 120 (40%) were females. Hypertension was the leading Etiological Factor in 83 cases (27.67 %) in our study. Next was the Idiopathic group in 67 cases (22.33%). Regarding treatment Anterior Nasal Packing was found to be sufficient in 123 cases (41%) in our study. 94 cases (31.33%) were required to be done Nasal Cautery. Only 09 cases (3%) required Posterior Nasal Packing. Arterial ligation or endovascular embolization was not required in any case. Conclusions: Our study concludes that hypertension is the leading cause of Epistaxis (27.67% of cases) in the age of group of 51 to 60 years (19% of cases). Whereas, the most effective treatment is Anterior nasal packing (41% of cases).