Frequency of Urinary Tract Infections among the Patients of Type-II Diabetes Mellitus taking Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter-2 inhibitors(SGLT-2 inhibitor), Attending the Out-Patient Department, Government General Hospital, Samanabad, Faisalabad.

Abstract

Abstract:

Introduction: Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are group of medications that are frequently used to treat Type-II Diabetes mellitus. Their primary mechanism of action is to inhibit Sodium Glucose Co-transporter 2 Protein, located in Proximal convoluted tubules, the main function of which is to reabsorb glucose from PCT into blood stream. The inhibition of SGLT-2 proteins results in loss of glucose through urine, hence control the blood glucose levels. Due to their cardio protective and renal protective profile, these agents are widely used these days for the treatment of Diabetes mellitus especially in the patients of cardiac and renal failure. But because of their glycosuric effect, these drugs have documented side effects of recurrent urinary tract infections and normoglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis. Objective: To assess the frequency of Urinary Tract infections among the patients of Type-II Diabetes Mellitus taking SGLT-2 inhibitors, attending the Out-Patient Department, Government General Hospital, Samanabad, Faisalabad. Material and Method: Study design: Cross-sectional descriptive study Sampling technique: Non-probability consecutive sampling. Setting: Out-patient Department, Government General Hospital, Samanabad, Faisalabad. Duration: 06 months i.e. 12-01-2025 to 12-07-2025. Sample size: 138. Procedure: 138 patients were enrolled on the basis of inclusive and exclusive criteria. After the commencement of SGLT-2 inhibitors in the first month of study, patients were observed to see whether they develop urinary tract infections or not. Diagnosis of urinary tract infections was made on the basis of signs/symptoms and on urine complete examination. Data regarding age, gender, Hba1c levels and presence of signs/symptoms of urinary tract infection was recorded. Frequency and percentages were calculated and data was analysed using the chi-square test. p-value of <0.05 was statistically significant.

Results: Out of 138 patients, only 11 patients reported to have Urinary Tract Infections (7.97%). Out of 11 patients, 10 were female and only one was male.

Key words: Sodium-GlucoseCo-Transporter-2 inhibitors, Urinary tract Infections, Diabetes Mellitus