Surgical Excision vs Minimally Invasive (Scaling & Curettage) Treatment for Oral Pyogenic Granuloma

Abstract

Background: Pyogenic granuloma (PG), also known as granuloma pyogenicum, is a unique clinical entity that develops as a tissue's heightened reaction to an unspecific infection. It can also be described as a tumor-like development that is thought to be an excessive conditioning reaction to a slight trauma, low-grade or persistent irritation, hormonal variables, or medicines. Objective: To determine the comparison of effectiveness between surgical excision and minimally invasive (scaling & curettage) treatment for oral pyogenic granuloma. Study Design: Comparative analytical study. Settings: CMH Dental College, Multan Pakistan. Duration: This study was conducted from February 2021 to October 2021. Methods: Total 32 patients of both genders were presented. Patients were visited to hospital for the treatment of oral pyogenic granuloma. Informed written consent was taken from patients for detailed demographics.16 patients received surgical excision in group I and 16 patients received minimal invasive (scaling & curettage) treatment in group II. Post treatment outcomes among both groups were compared. We used SPSS 23.0 to analyze all data. Results: Among all, females 21 (65.6%) were higher in numbers than males 11 (34.4%). Patients mean age was 34.3±17.82 years. Majority of the cases were from urban areas 19 (59.4%).  14 (43.8%) patients were smokers. Most common cause of the oral PG was use of pills in pregnancy, staph infection and poor hygienic conditions. We found that minimal invasive treatment was effective to remove lesion in 14 (87.5%) as compared to surgical excision in 10 (62.5%) with p value <0.05. Recurrence rate of lesion in group I was 7 (43.8%) and in group II was 2 (12.5%). Post treatment bleeding in group I was found in 5 (31.3%) and only in 1 patients of group II. Pain intensity in surgical excision was recorded higher 3.2±2.14 as compared to group II 1.7±3.11 with p value <0.03. Conclusion: In this study, we found that minimally invasive (scaling and curettage) was more effective and beneficial than surgical excision in terms of being less painful, less expensive, and straightforward to carry out in addition to being less likely to cause recurrence problems, particularly when the lesion is large or surgically inaccessible under local anesthesia.