Susceptibility Pattern of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis to 1st Line Anti Tuberculosis Therapy

Abstract

Objective: To determine the susceptibility pattern of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB) to 1^st line Anti tuberculosis therapy. Study design: Cross sectional study. Study Setting: Department of Biochemistry, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad. Study Duration: July 2017 to March 2018. Methodology: This was a cross sectional study carried out at Department of Biochemistry, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad during July 2017 to March 2018. In this study the cases of both gender with age more than 15 years were included. The cases that have already taken ATT were excluded. Sputum samples were obtained and then processed at solid Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) media for at least 6 weeks, MTB isolated from these sample were then tested for their susceptibility to the 1st line ATT drugs. The MIC of the studied drugs per ml of LJ medium for susceptibility testing were 0.2 mcg for isoniazid, 02 mcg for streptomycin, 05 mcg for Ethambutol, 100 mcg for pyrazinamide and 01 mcg for rifampicin. Results: In this study there were total 115 cases; out of which 72 (62.60%) were males and the mean age of the participants was 35.19±10.67 years. Drug resistance was seen in 36 (32.17%) of cases and few of the cases had more than 1 drug involvement. The most common drug to which was resistance was seen was streptomycin affecting 19 (16.52%) of the cases. it was followed by Isoniazid where it was seen in 17 (14.78%) of the cases. Single drug resistance was seen in 30 (26.08%) of the cases. three and four drug resistance were seen in 2 (1.73%) of cases each. Conclusion: Drug resistance is seen in almost every 3^rd case and the most common drug to show resistance is streptomycin.