Histopathologic Spectrum of Gallbladder in Cholecystectomy Specimens

Abstract

Background: Cholecystitis is a common problem in adult population. Gross and microscopic examination of gall bladder has multiple findings. Presence of stones is one of the known etiologic factors to produce histopathological changes in gallbladder. It is also one of the predisposing factors for the development of gallbladder carcinoma.  This study aims to find the histopathologic spectrum of gall bladder specimens received in pathology department after undergoing surgical intervention. Objective: To analyze the morphological spectrum of cholecystitis due to stones. To find out the possible risk factors for gall stone formation. To find out the frequency / prevalence of different types of gall stones. Study Design: Retrospective Study. Settings: Department of pathology, UMDC Faisalabad and at Meezan Lab Faisalabad-Pakistan. Duration: From January 15, 2015 to May 14, 2017. Methodology: This study was conducted on cholecystectomy specimens.  All clinical data was taken from patient’s histopathology request form and from patient’s clinical record gross and microscopic features of gall bladder specimens were studied in correlation with presence or absence of gall stones. Results: The total number of   cholecystectomy specimens studied were 664. There were 633 cases of chronic calculous cholecystitis, the highest incidence of these being in the age group of 31-40 years. In this, males were 132 and females were 532.  All patients underwent ultrasonography to confirm the diagnosis.  There were 31 cases of a calculus cholecystitis. On morphological analysis, the commonest gall stones were cholesterol stones and the commonest lesion was chronic cholecystitis by histopathology. Conclusion:  This study concludes the predominance of chronic calculous cholecystitis in our study population.  Among these cholesterol stones are more prevalent.