To Compare Mean Triglyceride, HDL And LDL Levels in Controlled Type-II Diabetes Mellitus Patients Using Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs with Patient Using Insulin

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is characterized by progressively increasing blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance and eventual insulin deficiency caused by loss of Beta cell function. To start with only postprandial (PPG) levels are raised and later on fasting plasma glucose (FBG) is also increased. It is noted that hypertension, dyslipidemias, weight gain and CVD are more prevalent among diabetics. Anti-diabetic agents used for control of diabetes mellitus must be able to improve blood glucose, blood pressure, lipid levels and body weight. Insulin and OHGs, both are effective treatment regimens in controlling hyperglycemic events. Objective: (1) To determine mean triglyceride, HDL and LDL levels in controlled type II diabetes mellitus patients. To compare mean triglyceride, HDL and LDL levels in controlled type II diabetes mellitus patients using oral hypoglycemic drugs with patient using insulin. Settings: Department of Medicine, Allied/DHQ hospital, Faisalabad. Duration: 6 months from 01-03-2018 to 31-08-2018. Study Design: Cross-sectional Study. Methodology: Patients coming through OPD, fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled and informed consent was taken from them. History regarding the treatment plan as taking insulin or oral hypoglycemic drugs was recorded. For assessing the triglyceride, LDL and HDL levels blood sample was sent to the hospital pathology laboratory and it was reported by pathologist. All the information was recorded on the proforma. Results: In our study, out of 225 cases, mean age was calculated as 50.27+7.76 years, 52%(n=117) were male whereas 48%(n=108) were females, on comparison of mean triglyceride levels in controlled type II diabetes mellitus patients using insulin or oral hypoglycemic drugs was recorded as 2.32+0.20  in patient on Oral Hypoglycemic drugs and 2.13+0.25 in patient on insulin therapy, p value was 0.0001. LDL in oral hypoglycemic control was 3.05+0.32 and 2.44+0.24 in insulin therapy, p value was 0.002 whereas HDL readings were 1.02+0.13 in patient on oral hypoglycemic drugs and 1.33+0.20 in patient on insulin therapy, p value was 0.0001. Conclusion: We concluded that mean triglyceride, HDL and LDL levels in controlled type II diabetes mellitus patients using insulin had better results as compared with patients using oral hypoglycemic drugs.