Prevalence and Fetomaternal Outcomes of Pregnancies Complicated with Thrombocytopenia

Thrombocytopenia in Pregnancy: Outcomes and Prevalence

Abstract

Background: Thrombocytopenia, defined as a blood platelet count below 150 × 10³ per μL, is an important cause of blood disorders in pregnancy after anemia. It complicates 7 to 10% of pregnancies. Objective: To determine the etiological factors of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy and the fetomaternal outcomes. Study Design: Cross-sectional, prospective observational research. Settings: Gynae Department of Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar Pakistan. Duration: January 2021 to December 2023. Methods: It included antenatal women of any age or parity with thrombocytopenia in pregnancy. Patient’s lab and clinical profiles were also collected. Results: The mean age of the antenatal women with thrombocytopenia was 26.3 + 5.54 years. The clinical signs were pallor 64.7%, bruising 22.6%, edema 6.3%, epistaxis 5.6%, and melena 3.4%. The mean WBC count was 12.2 ± 3.7x109/L, the mean platelet count was 47.0±24 /uL, and the mean Hb was 10.4±3.6 g/dL.42 patients (40%) had mild, 47 (43.5%) had moderate, and 19 patients (17.5%) had severe counts < 30x109/L.77 (71.2%) of the 150 individuals with thrombocytopenia had pregnancy-related reasons. There were 45 (41.6%) cases of GT, 1 (1%) patients with fatty liver, 19 (17.5%) patients with pre-eclampsia, and 12 (11%) patients with eclampsia. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that Gestational thrombocytopenia is the most prevalent etiological factor of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy, and no treatment is required. In contrast, pre-eclampsia and eclampsia are life-threatening disorders with dangerous consequences. The other reasons, such as infections and ITP, need customized care.