Factors for Erectile Dysfunction in Patients of Diabetes Mellitus Type II

Mujtaba  Shah; Nasrullah  Aamer; Rajkumar  .; Abdul Rabb  Bhutto; Ali  Karim; Nadeem  Memon

doi:10.29054/apmc/2023.1316

Mujtaba Shah Senior Registrar, Department of Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro Pakistan
Nasrullah Aamer Professor, Department of Medicine, Peoples University of Medical & Health Sciences for Women, Nawabshah Pakistan
Rajkumar . Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Bhittai Dental and Medical College MPK, Pakistan
Abdul Rabb Bhutto Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Al-Tibri Medical College Hospital, Hyderabad Pakistan
Ali Karim Lecturer, Department of Biochemistry, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro Pakistan
Nadeem Memon Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Muhammad Medical & Dental College, Mirpurkhas Pakistan

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29054/apmc/2023.1316

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Erectile dysfunction, Age, Physical activity, Smoking, Peripheral neuropathy, Medications

Abstract

Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED), commonly referred to as impotence, is the inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for sexual activity. In patients with diabetes, the prevalence of ED is notably higher compared to the general population. The relationship between diabetes and erectile dysfunction is complex and multifactorial, involving both physiological and psychological factors. Objective: To evaluate the occurrence and various risk factors associated with erectile dysfunction in individuals living with diabetes mellitus type II. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Settings: Medicine Department of Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences, Nawabshah Pakistan. Duration: 06 months from January 2021 June 2021. Methods: Adult males aged between 30 and 70 years, medically diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, willing and able to provide informed consent for participation in the study and able to communicate effectively in the language used for data collection were included. Clinical measurements, including glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, blood pressure, and BMI levels, were obtained following standard protocols. Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM) was used to assess the severity of erectile dysfunction. All the information was collected via study proforma. Data analysis was done by using SPSS version. Results: The patients' average age was 47.88±10.41 years, with an average duration of diabetes of 11.92±9.37 years and a mean HbA1c level of 10.05±2.34%. Out of all, 62.70% had erectile dysfunction among diabetes cases, subsequently, 29.40% exhibited mild erectile dysfunction, while 15.70% displayed moderate erectile dysfunction, and 17.60% were identified with severe erectile dysfunction. The severity of erectile dysfunction was significantly linked to factors such as advancing age, longer disease duration, physical activity, smoking, presence of peripheral neuropathy, and use of oral medications (p < 0.05). Moreover, more pronounced erectile dysfunction was observed in individuals who were overweight, obese, or had elevated HbA1c levels, although these associations were near to significant (>0.05). Conclusion: Erectile dysfunction among patients of diabetes was observed to be high 62.70%. Furthermore, it is revealed that the severity of erectile dysfunction was significantly influenced by multiple factors, including advancing age, extended disease duration, physical inactivity, smoking history, presence of peripheral neuropathy, overweight and use of oral medications.