Post Cardiac Intervention Contrast Induced Nephropathy

Abstract

Background: Contrast-induced nephropathy is one of the leading causes of acute kidney injury acquired in the hospital. It may also become more prevalent with percutaneous coronary procedures. Objective: To determine the incidence of contrast induced nephropathy in patients undergoing cardiac intervention. Study Design: Descriptive longitudinal study. Settings: Department of Cardiology at National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD) Karachi, Pakistan. Duration: From 1^st July 2022 to 31^st December 2022. Methods: A total of 163 individuals with acute coronary syndrome and blood creatinine levels of 1.2mg/dl received cardiac intervention. Serum creatinine levels were evaluated at baseline and 48 hours post intervention. Contrast-induced nephropathy was labelled if post intervention level was higher than 1.2 mg/dl. The descriptive statistics were computed. After stratification, the Chi-square test was used, with a p-value of <0.05 considered significant. Results: Mean baseline serum creatinine level was 0.86 ± 0.15 mg/dl whereas mean post-PCI serum creatinine level was 1.07 ± 0.133 mg/dl. Nephropathy developed in 25 (15.3 %) of the patients. There was a significant relationship between nephropathy and diagnosis category generally and when the age was greater than 60 years. Conclusion: The findings show that contrast-induced nephropathy is common in individuals undergoing PCI.