Determinants of Knee Osteoarthritis in 30-60 Year Old Women Presenting at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Muhammad Zeb  Khan; Adnan Latif  Malik; Ali  Salman; Malik Mohammad  Yasin; Muhammad  Bilal; Abdul  Hannan

doi:10.29054/apmc/2023.1253

Muhammad Zeb Khan Associate Professor, Department of Orthopedic & Spine Surgery, Sahara Medical College, Narowal Pakistan
Adnan Latif Malik Associate Professor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fatima Jinnah Medical University / Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Lahore, Pakistan
Ali Salman Postgraduate Resident (PGR) FCPS (Surgery & Allied), Department of Surgery Unit II Ghurki Trust & Teaching Hospital, Lahore Pakistan
Malik Mohammad Yasin Associate Professor, Department of Orthopedics, Sahara Medical College, Narowal Pakistan
Muhammad Bilal Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopedics, Al Aleem Medical College / Gulab Devi Hospital, Lahore Pakistan
Abdul Hannan Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopedics, University of Lahore Teaching Hospital, Lahore Pakistan

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29054/apmc/2023.1253

Keywords: Body mass index, Knee osteoarthritis, Lifestyle, Menopause

Abstract

Background: Primarily affecting older people, primary osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the major causes of persistent pain and impairment. Objective: To find out the determinants of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) among women aged 30-60 years presenting at a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: A case-control study. Settings: Department of Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic and Spine Surgery, Sahara Medical College (Sughra Shafi Medical Complex), Narowal Pakistan. Duration: February 16, 2022 to November 10, 2022. Methods: A total of 102 cases as women aged 30 to 60 years and presenting with KOA. The KOA was diagnosed as per “American College of Rheumatology” criteria. An equal number of controls (n=102) as healthy women aged 30 to 60 years accompanying patients coming to study institute’s department of orthopedics were enrolled. Case and controls were compared for age, body mass index (BMI), educational status, marital status, occupation, socioeconomic status, lifestyle status and menopause status. Results: In a total of 204 women, mean age was 47.8 ± 8.1 years while 127 (62.3%) were aged between 51 to 60 years. Mean BMI was 27.4 ± 3.1 kg/m² while 84 (41.2%) women had BMI ≥ 30 kg/m². Marital status of 179 (87.7%) women was married. There were 60 (29.4%) women who were illiterate whereas 157 (77.0%) women were housewives. Socio-economic status of 98 (48.0%) women was low. Older age (P<0.0001), high BMI (p<0.0001), higher socio-economic status (p=0.0280), menopause (p<0.0001) and sedentary lifestyle (p<0.0001) were found to be significant determinants of KOA. Conclusion: Older age, high BMI, higher socio-economic status and sedentary lifestyle were found to be significant determinants of knee osteoarthritis.