Frequency of Placental Abruption in Pregnancy induced Hypertension

Abstract

Background: Placental abruption is a major contributor to maternal mortality and morbidity, with hypertension being a significant underlying cause. Early indications suggest that placental abruption may elevate the risk of various adverse outcomes, irrespective of preterm births, and could also have long-term implications for the well-being of mothers and surviving infants. Objective: To determine the rate of placental abruption in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). Study Design: Cross sectional study. Settings: The study has been done at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Civil Hospital, Karachi Pakistan. Duration: Six months from May 2021 to November 2021. Methods: All the pregnant women between the ages of 25 and 45 with singleton pregnancies who were diagnosed with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) or pre-eclampsia were included. Placental abruption was defined based on the presence of clinical manifestations like abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, uterine tenderness, and foetal distress, along with supporting evidence from medical investigations. All the information was collected via a self-made study proforma. Results: A total of 177 eligible patients were enrolled in this study based on the specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. The mean age and gestational age in our study were 31.14 ± 6.49 years and 37.72 ± 2.24 weeks, respectively. Out of 177 patients, 22 (12.4%) had placental abruption, and 155 (87.6%) did not. Conclusion: As per the study conclusion, the frequency of placental abruption in pregnancy-induced hypertension was 12.5%. This indicates a significant link between PIH and the occurrence of placental abruption.